What is Human Resource Management?

 

What is Human Resource Management?

                      Figure 1: Human resource management (alarmy.com ,2022)

HRM is the study of activities regarding people working in an organization. It is a managerial function that tries to match an organization’s needs to the skills and abilities of its employees.

1.Definitions of HRM

Human resources management (HRM) is a management function concerned with hiring, motivating and maintaining people in an organization. It focuses on people in organizations. Human resource management is designing management systems to ensure that human talent is used effectively and efficiently to accomplish organizational goals.

HRM is the personnel function which is concerned with procurement, development, compensation, integration and maintenance of the personnel of an organization for the purpose of contributing towards the accomplishments of the organization’s objectives. Therefore, personnel management is the planning, organizing, directing, and controlling of the performance of those operative functions (Edward B. Philippo).

According to the Invancevich and Glueck, (2003), “HRM is concerned with the most effective use of people to achieve organizational and individual goals. It is the way of managing people at work, so that they give their best to the organization”.

According to Dessler (2008) the policies and practices involved in carrying out the “people” or human resource aspects of a management position, including recruiting, screening, training, rewarding, and appraising comprises of HRM.

Generally, HRM refers to the management of people in organizations. It comprises of the activities, policies, and practices involved in obtaining, developing, utilizing, evaluating, maintaining, and retaining the appropriate number and skill mix of employees to accomplish the organization’s objectives. The goal of HRM is to maximize employees’ contributions in order to achieve optimal productivity and effectiveness, while simultaneously attaining individual objectives (such as having a challenging job and obtaining recognition),and societal objectives (such as legal compliance and demonstrating social responsibility).In short Human Resource Management (HRM) can be defined as the art of procuring, developing and maintaining competent workforce to achieve the goals of an organization in an effective and efficient manner.

2. Nature of HRM

HRM is a management function that helps managers to recruit, select, train and develop members for an organization. HRM is concerned with people’s dimension in organizations. The following constitute the core of HRM

1. HRM Involves the Application of Management Functions and Principles. The functions and principles are applied to acquiring, developing, maintaining and providing remuneration to employees in organization.

2. Decision Relating to Employees must be Integrated. Decisions on different aspects of employees must be consistent with other human resource (HR) decisions.

3. Decisions Made Influence the Effectiveness of an Organization. Effectiveness of an organization will result in betterment of services to customers in the form of high-quality products supplied at reasonable costs.

4. HRM Functions are not Confined to Business Establishments Only but applicable to nonbusiness organizations such as education, health care, recreation and like. HRM refers to a set of programs, functions and activities designed and carried out in order to maximize both employee as well as organizational effectiveness.

3. Scope of HRM

The scope of HRM is indeed vast. All major activities in the working life of a worker – from the time of his or her entry into an organization until he or she leaves the organizations comes under the purview of HRM.

The major HRM activities include HR planning, job analysis, job design, employee hiring, employee and executive remuneration, employee motivation, employee maintenance, industrial relations and prospects of HRM.

The scope of Human Resources Management extends to:

All the decisions, strategies, factors, principles, operations, practices, functions, activities and methods related to the management of people as employees in any type of organization.

All the dimensions related to people in their employment relationships, and all the dynamics that flow from it.

Figure 2: Scope of HRM (2022)

The scope of HRM is really vast. All major activities and the working life of a worker – from the time of his or her entry into an organization until he or she leaves it comes under the purview of HRM. American Society for Training and Development (ASTD) conducted fairly an exhaustive study in this field and identified nine broad areas of activities of HRM.

These are given below:

·         Human Resource Planning

·         Design of the Organization and Job

·         Selection and Staffing

·         Training and Development

·         Organizational Development

·         Compensation and Benefits

·         Employee Assistance

·         Union/Labor Relations

·         Personnel Research and Information System

 

HRM is a broad concept; personnel management (PM) and Human resource development (HRD) are a

part of HRM.

Video 1:What is Human resource management (You Tube,2022)

 

 

Reference:

•     Aswathapa.K, Human Resource Management, TMH, 2007.
•     Figure 1: Human resource management (alarmy.com ,2022)
•     Figure 2: Scope of HRM (2022)
•       Invancevich and Glueck, (2003)Rao, T.V. (2004), Performance Management and Appraisal            Systems—    HR Tools for Global Competitiveness, Sage Publications, London, UK,
•     DesslerMarchand,D.A., Kiettinger,W.J. and Rollis, J.D., Information Orientation-The link to         Business Performance, OUP, Oxford, UK, 2008.

•    Video 1:What is Human resource management (You Tube,2022)